Mr
President as one who has taken some
interest in the election of presidents I
want to congratulate you on your
election to this High
office Mr Secretary
General delegates to the United Nations
ladies and gentlemen we meet again in
the Quest for
Peace 24 months ago when I last had the
honor of addressing this body the shadow
of fear laid Darkly across the
world the freedom of West
Berlin Wars in immediate
Peril agreement on a neutral Laos seemed
remote the Mandate of the United Nations
in the Congo was Under
Fire hold back the
darkness today the clouds have lifted a
little so that new Rays of Hope can
break through the pressures on West
Berlin appear to be temporarily
eased political unity in the Congo has
been largely
restored a neutral Coalition in Laos
while still in difficulty is at least in
being the Integrity of the United
Nations
Secretariat has been
reaffirmed a United Nation's decade of
development is underway
and for the first time in 17 years of
effort a specific step has been taken to
limit the nuclear arms
race I refer of course to the treaty to
ban nuclear tests in the atmosphere out
of space and
underwater concluded by the Soviet Union
the United Kingdom and the United States
and already signed by nearly 100
countries it has been hailed by people
the world over who are thankful to be
free from the fears of nuclear
fallout and I am confident that on next
Tuesday at 10:30 o00 in the morning it
will receive the overwhelming
endorsement of the Senate of the United
States the world has not escaped from
the darkness The Long Shadows of
conflict and crisis envelop us still but
we meet today in an atmosphere of rising
hope and at a moment of comparative
calm my presence here today is not a
sign of Crisis but of
confidence I am not here to report on a
new threat to the peace or new signs of
War I have come to salute the United
Nations and to show the support of the
American people for your daily
deliberations
for the value of this body's
we the reduction of global tension must
not be an excuse for the narrow pursuit
of
self-interest if the Soviet Union and
the United States with all of their
Global interests and clashing
commitments of
ideology and with nuclear weapons still
aimed at each other today can find areas
of common interest and agreement then
surely other nations can do the
same Nations caught in Regional
conflicts in racial issues or in the
death throws of old
colonialism chronic
disputes which divert precious resources
from the needs of the people or drain
the energies of both sides serve the
interests of no one and the badge of
responsibility in the modern world you
is a willingness to seek peaceful
Solutions it is never too early to try
and it's never too late to talk and
United States as a major nuclear power
does have a special responsibility to
the world it is in fact a three-fold
responsibility a responsibility to our
own
citizens a responsibility to the people
of the whole world who are affected by
our decisions
and to the next generation of
humanity we believe the Soviet Union
also has these special
responsibilities and that those
responsibilities require our two Nations
to concentrate Less on our differences
and more on the means of resolving them
peacefully for too long both of us have
increased our military budgets our
nuclear
stockpiles and our cap capacity to
destroy all life on this
hemisphere human animal
vegetable without any corresponding
increase in our
security our conflicts to be sure are
real our concepts of the world are
different no service is performed by
failing to make clear our
disagreements a central difference is
the belief of the American people in
self-determination for all
people we believe that the people of
Germany and
Berlin must be free to reunite their
capital and their country we believe
that the people of Cuba must be free to
secure the fruits of the
Revolution that have been betrayed from
within and exploited from
without protection of freedom and our
determination to safeguard that freedom
will measure up to to any threat or
challenge but I would say to the leaders
of the Soviet Union and to their people
that if either of our countries is to be
fully secure we need a much better
weapon than the hbomb a weapon better
than ballistic missiles or nuclear
submarines and that better weapon is
peaceful
cooperation we have in recent years
agreed on a limited test B treaty on an
emergency communications link between
our capitals on a statement of
principles for disarmament on an
increase in cultural exchange on
cooperation in outer space on the
peaceful exporation of the
antarcticspring last year's crisis over
Cuba I believe therefore that the Soviet
Union and the United States together
with their allies can achieve further
agreements agreements which spring from
our mutual interest in avoiding Mutual
destruction there can be no doubt about
the agenda of further steps we must
continue to seek
agreements on measures which prevent War
by accident or
miscalculation we must continue to seek
agreement on safeguards against surprise
attack including observation posts at
key points we must continue to seek
agreement on further measures to curve
the nuclear arms race by controlling the
transfer of nuclear weapons converting
fishable materials to Peaceful purposes
and banning underground testing with
adequate inspection and
enforcement we must continue to seek
agreement on a freeer flow of
information and people from east to west
and west to east we must continue to
seek
agreement encouraged by yesterday's
affirmative response to this proposal by
the Soviet foreign minister on an
arrangement to keep weapons of mass
destruction out of outer space let us
get our negotiators back to the
negotiating table to work out a
practicable arrangement to this
end
purposes finally in a field where the
United States and the Soviet Union
have a special capacity in the field of
space there is room for new
cooperation for further joint efforts in
the regulation and exploration of
space I include among these
possibilities a joint expedition to the
Moon space offers no problems of
sovereignty by resolution of this
assembly the members of the United
Nations have for sworn any claim
the territorial rights in outer space
are on celestial bodies and declared
that inational law and the United
Nations Charter will
apply why therefore should Man's first
flight to the moon be a matter of
national
competition why should the United States
and the Soviet Union in preparing for
such
Expeditions become involved in immense
duplications of research construction
and
expenditure surely we should
explore whether the scientists and
astronauts of our two
countries and that freedom is more
enduring than
coercion and in the contest for a better
life all the world can be a
winner the effort to improve the
conditions of man however is not a task
for the few it is the task of all
Nations acting alone acting in groups
acting in the United Nations for plague
and pestilence and plunder and
pollution the hazards of Nature and the
hunger of children are the foes of every
nation as man had such capacity to
control his own
environment to end thirst and hunger to
conquer poverty and disease to banish
illiteracy and massive human
Misery we have the power to make this
the best generation of mankind in the
history of the world or to make it the
last unit the provision of development
assistance by individual Nations must go
on but the United Nations also must play
a larger role in helping bring to all
men the fruits of modern science and
industry
a United Nations conference on this
subject held earlier this year at Geneva
opened new Vistas for the developing
countries next year a United Nations
conference on trade will consider the
needs of these nations for new markets
and more than four fifths of the entire
United Nations system can be found today
mobilizing the weapons of science and
technology for the United Nations decade
of development but more can be done a
World Center for Health Communications
under the World Health
Organization could warn of epidemics and
the adverse effects of certain drugs as
well as transmit the results of new
experiments and new discoveries Regional
research centers could Advance our
common medical knowledge and train new
scientists and doctors for new nations a
global system of satellites could
provide communication and weather
information for all corners of the earth
a worldwide program of conservation
could protect the forest and Wild game
preserves now in danger of extinction
for all time improve the Marine Harvest
of food from our oceans and prevent the
contamination of air and water by
industrial as well as nuclear
pollution and finally a world worldwide
program of farm productivity and food
distribution similar to our country's
food for peace program could now give
every child the food he needs new
efforts are needed if this assembly's
Declaration of Human Rights now 15 years
old is to have full meaning and new
means should be found for promoting the
free expression and trade of ideas who
travel and communication and through
increased exchanges of people and books
and
broadcasts for as the world renounces
the competition of weapons competition
in ideas must flourish and that
competition must be as full and as Fair
as possible the United States delegation
will be prepared to suggest to the
United Nations initiatives in the
pursuit of all these goals for this is
an organization for peace
and peace cannot come without work and
without
progress the peacekeeping record of the
United Nations has been a proud one
though its tasks are always formidable
we are fortunate to have the skills of
our distinguished Secretary General and
the brave efforts of those who have been
serving the cause of Peace in the Congo
in the Middle East in Korea and cashmir
in West Guinea and
Malaysia but what the United Nations has
done in the past is less important than
the tasks for the future we cannot take
its peacekeeping machinery for granted
that Machinery must be soundly financed
which it cannot be if some members are
allowed to prevent it from meeting its
obligations by failing to meet their
own the United Nations must be supported
by all those who exercise their
franchise here and its operations must
be back to the
end to often a
project I also hope that the recent
initiative of several members in
preparing standby peace forces for
United Nations call will encourage
similar commitments by others this
nation remains ready to provide logistic
and other material
support policing moreover is not enough
without provision for Pacific settlement
we should increase the resort to special
missions of fact finding and
conciliation make greater use of the
international court of justice and
accelerate the work of the international
law
commission the United Nations cannot
survive as a static
organization its obligations are
increasing as well as its size its
Charter must be
changed as well as its Customs the
authors of that Charter did not intend
that it be frozen in
perpetuity the science of weapons and
War has made us all far more than 18
years ago in San Francisco one world and
one human race with one common Destiny
in such a world absolute sovereignty no
longer assures us of absolute security
the conventions of peace must pull a
breast and then ahead of the inventions
of war the United Nations building on
its successes and learning from its
failures must be developed into a
genuine World security
system but peace does not
rest two years ago I told this body that
the United States had proposed and was
willing to sign a limited test B B
treaty today that treaty has been
signed it will not put an end to war it
will not remove basic conflicts it will
not secure freedom for all but it can be
a
lever and aredes in explaining the
principles of the lever were said to
have declared to his
friends give me a place where I can
stand and I shall move the
world my fellow inhabitants
of this planet let us take our stand
here in this assembly of
Nations and let us see that if we in our
own time can move the world to a just
and Lasting peace
[Applause]