[00:04] Mr
[00:07] President as one who has taken some
[00:09] interest in the election of presidents I
[00:12] want to congratulate you on your
[00:13] election to this High
[00:15] office Mr Secretary
[00:18] General delegates to the United Nations
[00:21] ladies and gentlemen we meet again in
[00:25] the Quest for
[00:26] Peace 24 months ago when I last had the
[00:30] honor of addressing this body the shadow
[00:33] of fear laid Darkly across the
[00:36] world the freedom of West
[00:39] Berlin Wars in immediate
[00:42] Peril agreement on a neutral Laos seemed
[00:46] remote the Mandate of the United Nations
[00:48] in the Congo was Under
[00:51] Fire hold back the
[00:54] darkness today the clouds have lifted a
[00:57] little so that new Rays of Hope can
[01:00] break through the pressures on West
[01:03] Berlin appear to be temporarily
[01:06] eased political unity in the Congo has
[01:10] been largely
[01:11] restored a neutral Coalition in Laos
[01:15] while still in difficulty is at least in
[01:18] being the Integrity of the United
[01:21] Nations
[01:22] Secretariat has been
[01:24] reaffirmed a United Nation's decade of
[01:27] development is underway
[01:30] and for the first time in 17 years of
[01:32] effort a specific step has been taken to
[01:36] limit the nuclear arms
[01:38] race I refer of course to the treaty to
[01:42] ban nuclear tests in the atmosphere out
[01:46] of space and
[01:48] underwater concluded by the Soviet Union
[01:51] the United Kingdom and the United States
[01:55] and already signed by nearly 100
[01:58] countries it has been hailed by people
[02:01] the world over who are thankful to be
[02:04] free from the fears of nuclear
[02:07] fallout and I am confident that on next
[02:10] Tuesday at 10:30 o00 in the morning it
[02:14] will receive the overwhelming
[02:17] endorsement of the Senate of the United
[02:20] States the world has not escaped from
[02:23] the darkness The Long Shadows of
[02:26] conflict and crisis envelop us still but
[02:29] we meet today in an atmosphere of rising
[02:33] hope and at a moment of comparative
[02:37] calm my presence here today is not a
[02:41] sign of Crisis but of
[02:44] confidence I am not here to report on a
[02:47] new threat to the peace or new signs of
[02:51] War I have come to salute the United
[02:54] Nations and to show the support of the
[02:56] American people for your daily
[02:59] deliberations
[03:01] for the value of this body's
[03:03] we the reduction of global tension must
[03:07] not be an excuse for the narrow pursuit
[03:10] of
[03:11] self-interest if the Soviet Union and
[03:14] the United States with all of their
[03:17] Global interests and clashing
[03:20] commitments of
[03:21] ideology and with nuclear weapons still
[03:25] aimed at each other today can find areas
[03:28] of common interest and agreement then
[03:31] surely other nations can do the
[03:33] same Nations caught in Regional
[03:36] conflicts in racial issues or in the
[03:39] death throws of old
[03:41] colonialism chronic
[03:43] disputes which divert precious resources
[03:46] from the needs of the people or drain
[03:49] the energies of both sides serve the
[03:52] interests of no one and the badge of
[03:56] responsibility in the modern world you
[03:59] is a willingness to seek peaceful
[04:02] Solutions it is never too early to try
[04:05] and it's never too late to talk and
[04:09] United States as a major nuclear power
[04:13] does have a special responsibility to
[04:15] the world it is in fact a three-fold
[04:19] responsibility a responsibility to our
[04:22] own
[04:23] citizens a responsibility to the people
[04:25] of the whole world who are affected by
[04:28] our decisions
[04:30] and to the next generation of
[04:32] humanity we believe the Soviet Union
[04:36] also has these special
[04:38] responsibilities and that those
[04:41] responsibilities require our two Nations
[04:44] to concentrate Less on our differences
[04:47] and more on the means of resolving them
[04:50] peacefully for too long both of us have
[04:54] increased our military budgets our
[04:56] nuclear
[04:58] stockpiles and our cap capacity to
[05:00] destroy all life on this
[05:03] hemisphere human animal
[05:07] vegetable without any corresponding
[05:09] increase in our
[05:11] security our conflicts to be sure are
[05:14] real our concepts of the world are
[05:18] different no service is performed by
[05:21] failing to make clear our
[05:23] disagreements a central difference is
[05:26] the belief of the American people in
[05:29] self-determination for all
[05:31] people we believe that the people of
[05:34] Germany and
[05:35] Berlin must be free to reunite their
[05:38] capital and their country we believe
[05:41] that the people of Cuba must be free to
[05:45] secure the fruits of the
[05:47] Revolution that have been betrayed from
[05:49] within and exploited from
[05:52] without protection of freedom and our
[05:55] determination to safeguard that freedom
[05:58] will measure up to to any threat or
[06:02] challenge but I would say to the leaders
[06:04] of the Soviet Union and to their people
[06:08] that if either of our countries is to be
[06:10] fully secure we need a much better
[06:13] weapon than the hbomb a weapon better
[06:16] than ballistic missiles or nuclear
[06:19] submarines and that better weapon is
[06:22] peaceful
[06:24] cooperation we have in recent years
[06:27] agreed on a limited test B treaty on an
[06:31] emergency communications link between
[06:33] our capitals on a statement of
[06:36] principles for disarmament on an
[06:39] increase in cultural exchange on
[06:42] cooperation in outer space on the
[06:44] peaceful exporation of the
[06:47] antarcticspring last year's crisis over
[06:51] Cuba I believe therefore that the Soviet
[06:54] Union and the United States together
[06:57] with their allies can achieve further
[07:01] agreements agreements which spring from
[07:03] our mutual interest in avoiding Mutual
[07:07] destruction there can be no doubt about
[07:09] the agenda of further steps we must
[07:12] continue to seek
[07:13] agreements on measures which prevent War
[07:16] by accident or
[07:19] miscalculation we must continue to seek
[07:21] agreement on safeguards against surprise
[07:24] attack including observation posts at
[07:28] key points we must continue to seek
[07:31] agreement on further measures to curve
[07:33] the nuclear arms race by controlling the
[07:37] transfer of nuclear weapons converting
[07:40] fishable materials to Peaceful purposes
[07:44] and banning underground testing with
[07:46] adequate inspection and
[07:48] enforcement we must continue to seek
[07:51] agreement on a freeer flow of
[07:53] information and people from east to west
[07:57] and west to east we must continue to
[08:00] seek
[08:01] agreement encouraged by yesterday's
[08:03] affirmative response to this proposal by
[08:06] the Soviet foreign minister on an
[08:09] arrangement to keep weapons of mass
[08:11] destruction out of outer space let us
[08:15] get our negotiators back to the
[08:16] negotiating table to work out a
[08:19] practicable arrangement to this
[08:22] end
[08:24] purposes finally in a field where the
[08:26] United States and the Soviet Union
[08:30] have a special capacity in the field of
[08:33] space there is room for new
[08:36] cooperation for further joint efforts in
[08:39] the regulation and exploration of
[08:42] space I include among these
[08:45] possibilities a joint expedition to the
[08:48] Moon space offers no problems of
[08:51] sovereignty by resolution of this
[08:54] assembly the members of the United
[08:56] Nations have for sworn any claim
[09:00] the territorial rights in outer space
[09:03] are on celestial bodies and declared
[09:06] that inational law and the United
[09:09] Nations Charter will
[09:11] apply why therefore should Man's first
[09:14] flight to the moon be a matter of
[09:17] national
[09:18] competition why should the United States
[09:20] and the Soviet Union in preparing for
[09:24] such
[09:25] Expeditions become involved in immense
[09:27] duplications of research construction
[09:30] and
[09:31] expenditure surely we should
[09:33] explore whether the scientists and
[09:36] astronauts of our two
[09:38] countries and that freedom is more
[09:40] enduring than
[09:41] coercion and in the contest for a better
[09:45] life all the world can be a
[09:48] winner the effort to improve the
[09:50] conditions of man however is not a task
[09:53] for the few it is the task of all
[09:57] Nations acting alone acting in groups
[10:01] acting in the United Nations for plague
[10:04] and pestilence and plunder and
[10:06] pollution the hazards of Nature and the
[10:10] hunger of children are the foes of every
[10:15] nation as man had such capacity to
[10:18] control his own
[10:20] environment to end thirst and hunger to
[10:23] conquer poverty and disease to banish
[10:27] illiteracy and massive human
[10:30] Misery we have the power to make this
[10:33] the best generation of mankind in the
[10:36] history of the world or to make it the
[10:40] last unit the provision of development
[10:44] assistance by individual Nations must go
[10:48] on but the United Nations also must play
[10:51] a larger role in helping bring to all
[10:54] men the fruits of modern science and
[10:57] industry
[10:59] a United Nations conference on this
[11:01] subject held earlier this year at Geneva
[11:05] opened new Vistas for the developing
[11:08] countries next year a United Nations
[11:11] conference on trade will consider the
[11:13] needs of these nations for new markets
[11:17] and more than four fifths of the entire
[11:20] United Nations system can be found today
[11:24] mobilizing the weapons of science and
[11:26] technology for the United Nations decade
[11:29] of development but more can be done a
[11:34] World Center for Health Communications
[11:37] under the World Health
[11:38] Organization could warn of epidemics and
[11:41] the adverse effects of certain drugs as
[11:44] well as transmit the results of new
[11:46] experiments and new discoveries Regional
[11:50] research centers could Advance our
[11:52] common medical knowledge and train new
[11:55] scientists and doctors for new nations a
[11:58] global system of satellites could
[12:01] provide communication and weather
[12:03] information for all corners of the earth
[12:06] a worldwide program of conservation
[12:09] could protect the forest and Wild game
[12:12] preserves now in danger of extinction
[12:15] for all time improve the Marine Harvest
[12:18] of food from our oceans and prevent the
[12:21] contamination of air and water by
[12:24] industrial as well as nuclear
[12:27] pollution and finally a world worldwide
[12:29] program of farm productivity and food
[12:33] distribution similar to our country's
[12:35] food for peace program could now give
[12:39] every child the food he needs new
[12:43] efforts are needed if this assembly's
[12:45] Declaration of Human Rights now 15 years
[12:48] old is to have full meaning and new
[12:52] means should be found for promoting the
[12:54] free expression and trade of ideas who
[12:58] travel and communication and through
[13:01] increased exchanges of people and books
[13:04] and
[13:05] broadcasts for as the world renounces
[13:07] the competition of weapons competition
[13:10] in ideas must flourish and that
[13:13] competition must be as full and as Fair
[13:16] as possible the United States delegation
[13:20] will be prepared to suggest to the
[13:21] United Nations initiatives in the
[13:24] pursuit of all these goals for this is
[13:27] an organization for peace
[13:29] and peace cannot come without work and
[13:33] without
[13:34] progress the peacekeeping record of the
[13:36] United Nations has been a proud one
[13:39] though its tasks are always formidable
[13:43] we are fortunate to have the skills of
[13:46] our distinguished Secretary General and
[13:48] the brave efforts of those who have been
[13:51] serving the cause of Peace in the Congo
[13:54] in the Middle East in Korea and cashmir
[13:58] in West Guinea and
[14:00] Malaysia but what the United Nations has
[14:02] done in the past is less important than
[14:06] the tasks for the future we cannot take
[14:09] its peacekeeping machinery for granted
[14:12] that Machinery must be soundly financed
[14:15] which it cannot be if some members are
[14:18] allowed to prevent it from meeting its
[14:21] obligations by failing to meet their
[14:24] own the United Nations must be supported
[14:27] by all those who exercise their
[14:30] franchise here and its operations must
[14:33] be back to the
[14:34] end to often a
[14:37] project I also hope that the recent
[14:40] initiative of several members in
[14:42] preparing standby peace forces for
[14:45] United Nations call will encourage
[14:47] similar commitments by others this
[14:50] nation remains ready to provide logistic
[14:54] and other material
[14:56] support policing moreover is not enough
[14:59] without provision for Pacific settlement
[15:02] we should increase the resort to special
[15:04] missions of fact finding and
[15:07] conciliation make greater use of the
[15:09] international court of justice and
[15:11] accelerate the work of the international
[15:14] law
[15:15] commission the United Nations cannot
[15:17] survive as a static
[15:20] organization its obligations are
[15:22] increasing as well as its size its
[15:25] Charter must be
[15:27] changed as well as its Customs the
[15:30] authors of that Charter did not intend
[15:32] that it be frozen in
[15:34] perpetuity the science of weapons and
[15:37] War has made us all far more than 18
[15:41] years ago in San Francisco one world and
[15:45] one human race with one common Destiny
[15:49] in such a world absolute sovereignty no
[15:53] longer assures us of absolute security
[15:57] the conventions of peace must pull a
[15:59] breast and then ahead of the inventions
[16:02] of war the United Nations building on
[16:06] its successes and learning from its
[16:10] failures must be developed into a
[16:12] genuine World security
[16:15] system but peace does not
[16:18] rest two years ago I told this body that
[16:23] the United States had proposed and was
[16:26] willing to sign a limited test B B
[16:29] treaty today that treaty has been
[16:32] signed it will not put an end to war it
[16:36] will not remove basic conflicts it will
[16:39] not secure freedom for all but it can be
[16:42] a
[16:43] lever and aredes in explaining the
[16:46] principles of the lever were said to
[16:49] have declared to his
[16:50] friends give me a place where I can
[16:53] stand and I shall move the
[16:56] world my fellow inhabitants
[16:59] of this planet let us take our stand
[17:03] here in this assembly of
[17:05] Nations and let us see that if we in our
[17:09] own time can move the world to a just
[17:13] and Lasting peace
[17:17] [Applause]