WEBVTT

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I recently learned I got name checked by

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Terrence Howard on his recent appearance

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on Joe Rogan I reached out to Neil

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Degrassi Tyson Neil degrass Tyson he was

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like hey man yeah I'd love for you to

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come on my show do my radio do my TV

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thing would love that I was like yeah

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but let me I've got something I want to

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introduce to you I got name checked

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because 8 years ago he sent me a 36 page

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treaties and it was only 36 pages so

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this is Terence

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Howard attempting to reinvent

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mathematics and physics a little

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backstory there I took initial interest

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in Terrence because my mother said to me

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do you know Terrence Howard I said yeah

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I know you mean the actor she said yeah

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well I heard him interviewed on NPR on

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there he said that like when he was a

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kid he wanted to be like a scientist and

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study the Universe I said well that's

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cool okay maybe we'll get him on Star

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Talk we love talk to celebrities who

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have a soft geek underbelly at the time

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I didn't quite know how to get in touch

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with him but we met at a something

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called the upfronts which is where

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networks present their next season's TV

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shows I saw him at an event um uh

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upfront and then this came in in my

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inbox in this particular case since I

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basically solicited it from him I

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actually spent time reading every line

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of all 36 pages and I commented my

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comments are in red here you see that so

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I spent a lot of time on it and I

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thought out of respect for him what I

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should

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do is give him my most informed critical

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analysis that I can in my field we call

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that a peer review you come up with an

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idea you present it either at a

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conference or you first write it up and

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you send it to your colleagues it is

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their duty to alert you of things about

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your ideas that are either misguided or

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wrong or or there's a Mis the

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calculation doesn't work out or the the

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logic doesn't comport that's their job

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not all ideas will turn out to be

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correct most won't be but to get to that

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point you need to know things like what

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has everyone else said about this same

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subject am I repeating someone else's

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work is this a new insight that no one

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else has had but has foundations that

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are authentic or legitimate or

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objectively true am I making a false

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assumption am I makinging an assumption

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that someone else has already shown to

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be false all of this goes on on the

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frontier of science let me make it clear

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that I'm delighted when I see people

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with active Minds trying to tackle the

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great unknowns in the universe it's a

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beautiful thing that people want to

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participate on this Frontier what can

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happen is if you're a fan of a subject

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let's say a hobbyist let's call it it's

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possible to know enough about that

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subject to think you're right but not

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enough about that subject to know that

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you're wrong and so there's this sort of

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Valley in there a valley of false

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confidence this has been studied by

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others and it's called the Dunning

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Krueger effect it's the phenomenon where

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a little bit of knowledge you over

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assess how much of that subject you

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actually know and then when you learn

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even more you realize no I didn't know

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as much as I thought I did so then

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there's a sort of a lull there and then

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when you learn even more you come back

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up ultimately learning enough to know

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whether you are right or wrong to become

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an expert means you spend all this time

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it doesn't happen overnight you can't

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just sit in an armchair and say I'm now

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an expert it requires years and years of

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study especially looking through

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journals where new ideas are published

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and contested that's what we have

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learned learned is the most effective

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means of establishing that which is

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objectively true or determining that

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which is objectively false both of those

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work hand in hand to move the needle on

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our understanding of the universe I'm

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going to read you just my opening line

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here it's titled 1 * 1 equal 2 so I lead

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off by saying this is an ambitious work

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that is a clear indication of a Restless

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active mind with in these Pages however

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there are many assumptions and

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statements that are underinformative

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greater than the initial number squared

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for that would expose a loose thread

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within the fabric of our understanding a

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loose thread capable of unraveling the

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very ground rules of mathematics that's

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a bold statement so then I I just say

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this opening thesis is false there are

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plenty of examples of this that have

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escaped your attention his statement is

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shown to be false for every number

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that's less than one and greater than Z

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for example the square root of 64 is8 8

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is bigger than 64 and it's a larger

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number than the original and 64 squared

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=

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496 a smaller number than the original

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to the extent that the next 35 Pages

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depends on your stated

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thesis this fact undermines your claims

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and assumptions and conclusions it's not

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about feelings here it's about objective

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reality so at the time I I considered

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Terren a strong acquaintance and we hung

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out a bit and had much exchange we

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haven't spoken much since then but go to

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page two and in here he mentions people

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who he declares were persecuted because

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their Vision exceeded the myopic view of

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their contemporaries and he mentions

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Walter Russell Nicola Tesla John Keeley

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and many many more regarding you L your

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list of people who have made Brave

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sacrifices I note that to be a genius is

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to be misunderstood but to be

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misunderstood is not to be a genius the

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work of Russell Walter Russell has

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eluded any experimental support and the

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work of Keeley is generally not

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reproducible science is about

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reproducibility I can have the most

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brilliant crazy fun idea ever and if I

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perform an experiment and no one else

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can duplicate that experiment it belongs

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in the trash Heap it's me in my own

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world think I have landed on an

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objective truth when in fact I haven't

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that's how science works the

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reproducibility of results as for the

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work of Tesla much of it had very real

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value to physics and our understanding

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of electromagnetism and that value is

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duly recognized by my community in the

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naming of a unit of electromagnetism

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after him you can't get more badass than

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having a unit named after you Newton has

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a unit named after him for example the

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metric unit of force is a Newton much of

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the rest of his work was Fringe and

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unrealized either for violating known

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laws of physics or for being simply

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impractical just because you do some

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good stuff doesn't mean everything you

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ever did is going to be great I will

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further affirm that just because an idea

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sounds crazy doesn't make it wrong the

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system of research and Publications in

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peer-review journals has the capacity to

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spot crazy but true ideas provided they

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supporting by compelling arguments and

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ultimately supported by experiments and

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observations Newton's Laws Einstein's

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relativity quantum physics were all

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revolutionary ideas that appeared in

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peer-review settings or journals

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meanwhile most of the work of Russell

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and Keeley had no such success with

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their ideas so I think on Rogan Terren

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said that I trashed those three

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researchers attack that I had immediate

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that I talked about Walter Russell and

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Victor Shaw Berger and John Keeley as

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and Tesla as the people that I looked up

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to so he threw on on he was like

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well Tesla Tesla stuff worked but Tesla

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was never really respected and out there

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when I'm just simply stating the fact I

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don't think of that as trashing I think

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of that as being honest I mean I could

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have softened it but I don't think

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that's what people who care about you

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should do people who care will be honest

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with you about ideas about thoughts the

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world is changing so quickly and so is

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everything around us unfortunately we

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have chosen to remain handcuffed to

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Antiquated and obsolete beliefs we have

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put an enormous amount of faith faith

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into the methods and practices of old

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that are as dead today as The Men Who

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propagated the notion that the world was

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flat so I say here regarding your world

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was flat reference

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it's not widely appreciated that the

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idea of a flat Earth predates the

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introduction and development of the

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methods and tools of science as we

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practice them today those processes date

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back to around 1600 coincident with the

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invention of the microscope and

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Telescope before then truths were

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whatever seemed right to the senses

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afterwards and to this day truth was

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whatever the verified data obtained by

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your instruments forced you to believe

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if your senses otherwise contradicted

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the data this fact means that there's no

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such misunderstanding on the scale of

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the Flat Earth in the era of modern

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science and in multiple places

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throughout the

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treaties he's attaching a number to a

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physical idea or a physical object that

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idea goes way back by the way go back to

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Pythagoras famous for the Pythagorean

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theorem which we all learned in 8th

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grade was it or nth grade Pythagoras was

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also a philosopher who tried to

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understand how things worked he felt

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among others in his group that if you

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assign a number to something the number

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can abue that object with certain

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meaning and significance which means

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then if you manipulate the numbers that

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you gain insight into the objects

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themselves once you've assigned a number

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to it there's a lot of that that

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permeates this document uh but it's a

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long disproven approach to the world

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again there's nothing wrong with a

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failed idea now other people know to not

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do it right that has value if we place a

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candle in front of a mirror the

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measurement of light is doubled is it

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not it does not measure as only one

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light source we actually see two lights

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a light meter will show twice the

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intensity of light this is false he

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attacked it so with such

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vitro maybe that's too blunt what else

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should I say I'm a scientist that's what

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I would tell a colleague a colleague who

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then say would thank you and then we go

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out for beer after cuz that's how that

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works and there's an old saying I first

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heard it from Michael Dell of Dell

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Technologies if one day you find

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yourself the smartest person in the room

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change rooms I say this is false the

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light in the mirror appears dimmer than

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the source of light itself for several

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reasons starting with the fact that no

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mirror is 100% reflective but more

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importantly the candle in the mirror is

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always is farther away from you than the

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candle itself so the light meter will

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always read less than twice the actual

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value of the candle itself I will

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note that from this work Terren produces

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art sculptural art which I find to be

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intriguing even beautiful to me more

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intriguing than beautiful because you

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got to look at it and you keep looking

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at it what is that and what's going on

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there I just want to read you my end and

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comments here I could not follow the

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reasoning on these last few pages but

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the illustrations that derive from them

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are beautiful regardless of how they

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were derived my notes have been strongly

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critical of your reasoning and

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conclusions I was candid and blunt out

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of respect for the energy you have

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clearly invested in this work but if

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you're sure that you are still right and

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that I have completely misunderstood

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your thesis then you will need to look

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for another person to evaluate what you

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have done and solicit their comments in

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any case like I say above the images and

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illustrations in your final pages are

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beautiful works of art unlike any I have

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seen best to you Neil so in case people

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wanted to know what actually went down 8

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years ago just always be cautious of the

00:13:22.399 --> 00:13:26.958
Dunning Krueger effect you put in a

00:13:24.519 --> 00:13:28.399
little bit of work and you have an idea

00:13:26.958 --> 00:13:30.198
and then you think your idea is right

00:13:28.399 --> 00:13:32.159
and that Einstein is wrong and Newton is

00:13:30.198 --> 00:13:34.439
wrong and that everybody's wrong and

00:13:32.159 --> 00:13:36.240
that all of modern astrophysicists are

00:13:34.440 --> 00:13:39.440
wrong that's

00:13:36.240 --> 00:13:41.959
bold that's B audacious

00:13:39.440 --> 00:13:45.199
Bodacious when continental drift was

00:13:41.958 --> 00:13:47.359
proposed it was like what land masses

00:13:45.198 --> 00:13:50.240
are moving on Earth Sur that's a weird

00:13:47.360 --> 00:13:52.759
idea that's going to be a hard cell we

00:13:50.240 --> 00:13:55.399
think there's sort of up swelling of the

00:13:52.759 --> 00:13:58.600
yes locally but whole continence move

00:13:55.399 --> 00:14:01.159
that's crazy it would take a few decades

00:13:58.600 --> 00:14:02.759
until ultimately when we're mapping the

00:14:01.159 --> 00:14:04.879
bottom of the ocean we find that there's

00:14:02.759 --> 00:14:08.199
a Mid-Atlantic Ridge that the ridges are

00:14:04.879 --> 00:14:10.600
separating it's like bada bing so the

00:14:08.198 --> 00:14:11.679
resistance to jumping on the idea that

00:14:10.600 --> 00:14:14.959
continents

00:14:11.679 --> 00:14:17.719
move was not because people were

00:14:14.958 --> 00:14:20.278
stubborn it was because people are

00:14:17.720 --> 00:14:22.278
cautious any new idea needs to be put

00:14:20.278 --> 00:14:24.120
through the ringer that's how science

00:14:22.278 --> 00:14:26.320
works you put it through the ringer

00:14:24.120 --> 00:14:28.320
every possible test you can not just cuz

00:14:26.320 --> 00:14:30.800
it happens to look like South America

00:14:28.320 --> 00:14:33.440
fits with Africa any better evidence

00:14:30.799 --> 00:14:36.039
than that oh wait a minute fossils

00:14:33.440 --> 00:14:39.040
matched between the west coast of South

00:14:36.039 --> 00:14:41.278
America and the east coast of Africa not

00:14:39.039 --> 00:14:43.919
recent fossils fossils from millions of

00:14:41.278 --> 00:14:46.078
years ago that's interesting things that

00:14:43.919 --> 00:14:49.319
make you go hm that brought some more

00:14:46.078 --> 00:14:50.879
people over to the camp you keep that up

00:14:49.320 --> 00:14:53.320
and you reach a point where enough

00:14:50.879 --> 00:14:55.480
evidence is brought to bear on the

00:14:53.320 --> 00:14:58.079
question and then you have a new

00:14:55.480 --> 00:14:59.680
emerging truth but at the the vibrant

00:14:58.078 --> 00:15:02.000
energy that goes on it conferences and

00:14:59.679 --> 00:15:04.078
the contest of ideas that's how we roll

00:15:02.000 --> 00:15:06.958
that's how it works when Einstein came

00:15:04.078 --> 00:15:09.679
out with relativity saying SpaceTime

00:15:06.958 --> 00:15:11.879
curves Albert Al what are you saying

00:15:09.679 --> 00:15:14.278
what are you doing well you can test it

00:15:11.879 --> 00:15:18.120
the total solar eclipse so the idea

00:15:14.278 --> 00:15:21.399
comes out in 1915 is published in 1916

00:15:18.120 --> 00:15:23.159
1919 we measured light around the edge

00:15:21.399 --> 00:15:25.159
of a total so during a total solar

00:15:23.159 --> 00:15:27.439
eclipse cuz you can't see the stars

00:15:25.159 --> 00:15:29.719
during the daytime you see the light the

00:15:27.440 --> 00:15:31.759
light rays bent from their actual

00:15:29.720 --> 00:15:34.440
coordinate positions on the sky Sir

00:15:31.759 --> 00:15:36.600
Arthur Edington an astrophysicist

00:15:34.440 --> 00:15:38.800
provided the first experimental evidence

00:15:36.600 --> 00:15:40.399
for Einstein's general theory of

00:15:38.799 --> 00:15:43.679
relativity which by the way was

00:15:40.399 --> 00:15:48.000
published in a peer-review journal crazy

00:15:43.679 --> 00:15:53.799
idea the platform to be accepted for the

00:15:48.000 --> 00:15:57.360
ideas is not social media it is not Joe

00:15:53.799 --> 00:16:00.159
Rogan it is not my podcast it is

00:15:57.360 --> 00:16:04.318
research journals

00:16:00.159 --> 00:16:07.639
where attention can be given on a

00:16:04.318 --> 00:16:10.799
level that at the end of the day offers

00:16:07.639 --> 00:16:13.839
no higher respect for your energy and

00:16:10.799 --> 00:16:16.439
intellect than by declaring that what's

00:16:13.839 --> 00:16:19.040
in it is either right or wrong or worthy

00:16:16.440 --> 00:16:21.040
of publication or not I wanted to post

00:16:19.039 --> 00:16:23.838
this to my website so you can see my

00:16:21.039 --> 00:16:26.879
comments mixed in with his treaties but

00:16:23.839 --> 00:16:29.440
uh you got the sense of it thanks for

00:16:26.879 --> 00:16:33.039
listening thanks for watching

00:16:29.440 --> 00:16:36.319
Neil degrass Tyson here as always keep

00:16:33.039 --> 00:16:36.318
looking up

00:16:41.860 --> 00:16:55.110
[Music]